Saturday, 17 January 2015

5.4 The properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Properties of ionic compounds
■ Ionic compound.

Made of ions of opposite charges.

Ions are pulled together by strong electrostatic forces.

■ Properties of ionic compounds.

Melting point and boiling point.
Very high.
A lot of energy is needed to overcome the strong electrostatic forces between the ions.

Electrical conductivity.
Conduct electricity in a molten state or aqueous solution because ion are free to move and carry electrical charges.
Cannot conduct electricity in solid form because ions are not free to move and not able to carry charges.

Solubility.
Normally soluble in water.
Not soluble in organic solvent.

Volatility.
Not vaporize easily due to high boiling point.

Physical state.
Exist as crystal under room conditions.
Properties of covalent compounds
■ Covalent compound.

Made of neutral covalent molecules.

Atoms are bound together by covalent bonds.

Molecules are pulled together by weak forces (Van der Waals force).
■ Properties of covalent compounds.

Melting point and boiling point.
Low because the forces of attraction between molecules are weak.

Electrical conductivity.
Cannot conduct electricity.

Solubility.
Normally soluble in organic solvent.

Volatility.
Vaporize easily due to low boiling point.

Physical state.
Exist as gaseous state, liquid state or solid state at room conditions.
Laboratory Activity 5.4.1 To study the physical properties of ionic and covalent compounds


⇲ For exercise(objective and subjective), download for free on Android OS.

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