5.2.1 - Laboratory Activity : Preparation of ionic compounds

Laboratory Activity 5.2.1: Preparation of ionic compounds

Aim: To prepare ionic compounds

Material: » Sodium » Chlorine gas » Copper powder » Magnesium tape » Iron wool

Apparatus: » Gas jar » Gas jar spoon » Crucible » Forceps » Bunsen burner

Procedure:

	►	The animation below shows the procedures and observation of the experiment.
	►	(A) Preparation of magnesium oxide 1. A sandpaper is used to clean the magnesium tape which is then rolled into a coil and placed in a crucible. 2. The crucible is heated strongly. 3. All observation are recorded.
	►	(B) Preparation of sodium chloride 1. A small piece of sodium is cut and dry with filter paper. 2. The sodium piece is placed in a gas jar spoon with a forceps. 3. The sodium is gently heated until it starts to burn. 4. The gas jar spoon is placed in a gas jar filled with chlorine gas. 5. All observation are recorded.
	►	(C) Preparation of iron (III) oxide 1. The iron wool is heated strongly until it glows red hot. 2. Dry chlorine gas is passes through the tube for a while. 3. All observation are recorded.

Results:

Experiment	Observation
(A) Preparation of magnesium oxide	Magnesium tape burns with a bright flame to form a white ash.
(B) Preparation of sodium chloride	Sodium burns with a bright yellow flame and forms a white powder. The greenish-yellow colour of chlorine disappears.
(C) Preparation of iron (III) oxide	Iron glows slowly and forms a reddish-brown substance.

Discussion:

	►	Magnesium combines with oxygen present in air to form a compound called magnesium oxide. ○ 2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s) Magnesium oxide is an ionic compound made up of Mg2+ and O2- ions.
	►	Sodium chloride is obtained when sodium burns in chlorine. ○ 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s) Sodium chlorine is made up of Na+ and Cl- ions. NaCl is an ionic compound.
	►	Iron (III) chloride is produced when iron reacts with chlorine. ○ 2Fe(s) + 3Cl2(g) → 2FeCl3(s) Iron (III) chloride is an ionic compound made up of Fe3+ and Cl- ions. FeCl3 is an ionic compound.

Conclusion:

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Metals react chemically with non-metals to form ionic compounds. ○ Metal + non-metal → Ionic compound

↶ 5.2 Formation of Ionic Bonds

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